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Question: Discuss about the E-business Fundamentals and Systems. Answer: Introduction Making use of Web, intranet, internet, extranets or some combinations of some other contemporary mechanisms for conducting business is referred as the process of electronic business (E-business). The term e-business has been referred similar to the concept of e-commerce but one of the biggest difference is that e-business goes beyond the simple process of buying and selling of products and services through online medium. E-business is a much wide concept and includes the number of aspects, concepts and business processes such as supply chain management, customer relationship management and electronic order processing (Aboelmaged, Mohamed 2015, 606-631). These are some of the business practices that are required to be executed by the business corporations with greater efficiency and effectiveness. And e-business aids the business entities in the execution of the processes in a more effective manner. E-business is a broader concept and encompasses the varied range of other terms such a s e-tailing and e-commerce. As the business corporations are more into digitalization and modernization the concepts such as enterprise resource planning (ERP), customer relationship management (CRM) have gained the great level of significance. The below report has been executed on the concept of e-business technologies and impact of the same on the contemporary organizational business. Further, the report also comprises of the solutions provided for the suppliers for the risks and the threats associated with these technologies. Changes in modern organizational business operations due to e-technologies The Internet has been considered as one of the greatest and significant element and is also one of the biggest innovations of e-technologies (Ameur, Esma, Umar and Michael 2017). The Internet has changed the way does the business and the business corporations can take advantage of the technology for its personal benefits. E-business has been considered as the process of executing business operations and practices by means of internet and online means and the e-technologies are the tools e-tools or the medium utilized for the operating business. The process of e-business encompasses various practices such as exchanging data or information, placing and taking orders, internal communication (interacting with the staff members) etc. The e-business technologies are held liable for stimulating the organizational operations in positive and negative terms. The below presented are some of the positive impacts that will be observed in the organizational operations of a business entity: A sense of equality is developed: Working on fair and equal terms has been considered as one of the biggest factors for success and growth of an individual within a business entity (Bak, Ozlem 2018). And in case of e-business technologies, the operations are executed online. This will generate a sense of equality as the authority interacting with the staff will know the performance level of the concerned individual and the staff will be judged on the same basis. Hence, sense of equality will be developed and the employees will be motivated and the motivated staff will strive to work harder thus increasing efficiency and effectiveness of the delivery process (Benyoucef, Morad, Michael, and Hafedh 2015). And this shows that the organizational operations will be positively impacted. Enhanced quality of customer services: E-technologies provide the business entities with the number of tools and mechanisms so as to bring cost efficacy in the business operations. For instance, the e-technological tools will aid the entity by saving money in the operations associated with customer services. By making use of online applications and systems such as cloud computing the business entity can directly store the accounts and required details on the computer systems and can get access to the same any time they want. There will be no need of traveling again and again to the client. The traveling expenses and efforts will be minimized and also the stored data will be accurate and will provide better and improved outcomes (Bradley, Stephen, Stuar, and Changsu 2016). Thus this will enhance the quality of the organizational operations. Marketing: Internet is again one of the greatest media through which the business entity can execute transactions and operate the business on a broader level at a time. For instance, by making use of internet the organization is required to develop and design a web-based portal and through which they can make the availability of the products largely for the customers (Chaffey, Dave 2015). The Internet has been considered as one of the largest platform through which the business firm can make the availability of the products and services in a systematic manner and that too with an ease. Operational efficiency and effectiveness in the delivery of products and services will be observed and a greater level of satisfaction to a customer will be delivered. Digitalization of order entry transactions: Placing and taking orders and maintaining records and required essential data has been considered as one of the crucial task or business operation for any of the business organization (Chang and Barun, Dasgupta 2015, 26-36). By making use of any of the contemporary mechanism or internet based systems the business entity can bring a hike in the effectiveness and adequacy of the business operations. And thus this technological up-gradation has been considered as one of the greatest positive change that will be experienced in the organizational operations of the business organization. E-technologies facilitates strategic thinking: One of the biggest advantage that will be attained by the adoption of e-technologies in the organizational structure is that the business entity will be experiencing a boost in the ability of enhancing the firms competitive advantage in the market region by simplifying strategic thinking and transfer of data and knowledge (De, Hans, and Ernst 2018). Retrieving and leveraging social networks and also the subscription information bases has enabled the business entities with the ability to interpret assembling and transferring the data in the most effective manner. This also offers the business organizations with an unparalleled access to the customers and potential consumers and thus enabling the firm in delivering advanced and developed products and services. And thus the e-technologies provide the business entity with mechanisms and tools for evaluating the market and for implementing the strategies required for accomplishing competitive edge (Gollenia, Lars 2016). And all these can also be considered as other positive changes that will be experienced by the business entity in the organizational operations. Cost cutting and elimination of waste: The e-technologies seems costly at the initial stages when first implemented but further it becomes very much cost effective by restructuring a companys operational and managerial processes. Adoption of online training sessions and programs is one of the best examples of e-technologies through which the cost-cutting to a great extent is made possible and also the efforts initiated will be less (Hasani, Tahereh, Jamil, and Ali 2017, 655,675). This will save energy of the individuals for other tasks and thus enable them to contribute towards bringing an increase in productivity. Overcoming threats and risks associated with e-technologies Threats and risk to e-technologies are an everyday reality for most of the business corporations. These threats and risks are problematic situations that are required to be handled efficiently by the technology suppliers (Kadry, Seifedine, and Abdelkhalak 2017). The below presented are the practical implications that are required to be adhered by the technology suppliers for tackling and dealing with the associated threats and risks: Securing computer and other wireless systems Use of anti-spyware, anti-virus and firewalls for protecting the systems Regular and timely up-gradation of software systems Creating data back-ups Maintaining and securing passwords Training to the concerned staff should be provided (Monfort, Valrie and Karl-Heinz Krempels, 2015). Making them understand the legal norms and regulations There are more specific preventions that can be adopted by the suppliers of e-technology and the same is presented below: Developing a secure online presence: The online presence of a business entity has been considered as one of the supporting pillar in success and growth. And hence is one of the integral operations for any of the firm. Online presence is the brand equity of an enterprise in the digital world and hence is required to be secured and prevented from threats and risks (Tsuma, Victor, and Mark 2017, 164-176). Under this system, the business entity is required to assess the security of the web-based portals, websites, email accounts, online stored data and online banking accounts. There is the number of systems and applications that can be adopted by the technology suppliers for preventing the online presence of the enterprise. For instance, secure socket layer (SSL), is one of the technologies that can be installed for encrypting transactional data and for sending customer and card details to the bank that is the acquiring authority for authorization. Moreover, it should also be ensured that any web-hosting solution considered should be capable of supporting the SSL protocol. Induction programs and IT training for staff: Providing training sessions to the new staff regarding the It policies, procedures and regulations that are pursued within the business organization and this operation has been considered as one of the significant steps of the risk management strategies (Turban et al. 2015). These types of training sessions will cover the key business operations such as: Safe handling of infected emails and systems Maintaining and preventing the privacy of customer details Priority actions in an occurrence of an online security breach The supplier or the training head have some legal obligations while providing training to the staff (Veit et al. 2014, 45-53). Business insurance: It is not possible for a business entity and for a technology supplier to prevent or eliminate IT risks and threats. And hence ensuring the business has been considered as a crucial and integral task in the concept of securing the e-business from threats and risks and recovery planning (Zurawski, Richard 2016). There is the varied range of operations that are required to be executed for ensuring the firm such as regularly updating the insurance, especially in relation to the new or emerging risks and threats to the business. Such as excessive use of mobile personal cell phones for workplace practices. Conclusion In the limelight of the above-executed analysis, it has been concluded that e-business has been considered as one of the contemporary forms of executing business practices. In this form of business, the concept of e-technologies plays an integral role in operating the business in the present era. The above-presented report has been segmented majorly into two sections and from which the first part is concerned about the changes or the alterations that have been introduced by the emergence of the concept of e-technologies in the organizational operations. The second part is focused on the threats and the risks associated with the operations and also the solutions are provided for the technological suppliers in order to deal and tackle these issues. References Aboelmaged, Mohamed Gamal Shehata. "E-maintenance research: a multifaceted perspective." Journal of Manufacturing Technology Management 26, no. 5 (2015): 606-631. Ameur, Esma, Umar Ruhi, and Michael Weiss, eds. E-Technologies: Embracing the Internet of Things: 7th International Conference, MCETECH 2017, Ottawa, ON, Canada, May 17-19, 2017, Proceedings. Vol. 289. Springer, 2017. Bak, Ozlem. E-Business and Supply Chain Integration: Strategies and Case Studies from Industry. Kogan Page Publishers, 2018. Benyoucef, Morad, Michael Weiss, and Hafedh Mili. E-Technologies. Springer International Publishing:, 2015. Bradley, Stephen P., Stuart Madnick, and Changsu Kim. Digital Business. Chicago Business Press, 2016. Chaffey, Dave. Digital business and E-commerce management. Pearson Education Limited, 2015. Chang, J. L., and Barun Barun Dasgupta. "An investigation of the barriers to e-business implementation in small and medium-sized enterprises." International Journal of Economics and Management Engineering 2, no. 1 (2015): 26-36. De Bruijn, Hans, and Ernst Ten Heuvelhof. Management in networks. Routledge, 2018. Gollenia, Lars Alexander. Business transformation management methodology. Routledge, 2016. Hasani, Tahereh, Jamil Bojei, and Ali Dehghantanha. "Investigating the antecedents to the adoption of SCRM technologies by start-up companies." Telematics and Informatics 34, no. 5 (2017): 655-675. Kadry, Seifedine, and Abdelkhalak El Hami, eds. Innovations in E-systems for Business and Commerce. CRC Press, 2017. Monfort, Valrie, and Karl-Heinz Krempels, eds. Web Information Systems and Technologies: 10th International Conference, WEBIST 2014, Barcelona, Spain, April 3-5, 2014, Revised Selected Papers. Vol. 226. Springer, 2015. Tsuma, Victor Imbanga, and Mark Kanda. "Factors Affecting the Adoption of e-Procurement Systems among International Non-Governmental Organisations in Kenya." International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences 7, no. 2 (2017): 164-176. Turban, Efraim, David King, Jae Kyu Lee, Ting-Peng Liang, and Deborrah C. Turban. Electronic commerce: A managerial and social networks perspective. Springer, 2015. Veit, Daniel, Eric Clemons, Alexander Benlian, Peter Buxmann, Thomas Hess, Dennis Kundisch, Jan Marco Leimeister, Peter Loos, and Martin Spann. "Business models." Business Information Systems Engineering 6, no. 1 (2014): 45-53. Zurawski, Richard. Integration technologies for industrial automated systems. CRC Press, 2016.

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